Category Archives: low and moderate income

Examining HMDA/CRA Census Tract Demographics

.. the ability to effectively analyze low, moderate, middle, and upper income population and households by small area geography is important to housing market stakeholders, lenders, investors, cities/neighborhoods and others. Low and moderate income data by block group and census tract are used for compliance, eligibility determination and program performance in many Federal programs and agencies. See the main Web page for more detail.

This section reviews the scope and use of the FFIEC 2019 HMDA/CRA census tract data (released September 2019). Use the interactive table to view, rank, compare selected items from these updated data for any/all tracts. Use GIS tools with these data to map and geospatially analyze these data as illustrated and further described as illustrated here. See more about banking, CRA and LMI tracts and more about these data.

Visual Analysis of Banks in Context Census Tract Demographics
Click graphic for larger view; expand browser window for best quality view.

– view developed using CV XE GIS and related GIS project.
– install this GIS tool and related GIS project on your computer to examines patterns, market share and more.

Low & Moderate Income Population by Census Tract
Low, moderate, middle, upper income classification by census tract is based on the median family income of a specific census tract relative to the metropolitan statistical area (MSA) or non-MSA area in which the tract is located. The FFIEC data include a “low and moderate income indicator”:
1 – Low — MFI is less than 50% of the MSA/parent area MFI
2 – Moderate — MFI is from 50% to 80% of the MSA/parent area MFI
3 – Middle — MFI is from 80% to 120% of the MSA/parent area MFI
4 – Upper — MFI is 120% or more of the MSA/parent area MFI
0 – NA — MFI is 0 or not available
where MFI is the Median Family Income

Low and moderate income designation is closely associated with implementation of the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) and the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA) and is a widely used in many other applications as a measure of economic prosperity.

Using the Interactive Table
Use the interactive table to examine individual tracts or sets of tracts as to their low and moderate income status and related demographics. The following view illustrates use of the table. Clicking buttons below table, this sequence of steps was used to obtain this view:
– click ShowAll
– click “Find CBSA; Low & Mod Tracts”
  >this selects tract in CBSA 26420 (Houston) that are low or mod
– click “Status Cols”
The table refreshes to show 470 tracts that are low/mod in this metro.
Finally, click the column header “Tract MFI %Region” to sort in descending order.

View your areas of interest. Start the steps over and use your CBSA code for a metro of interest.

Bankers Analytics Tools Web Sessions
Join me in a Bankers Analytic Tools Lab session (every Wednesday 3:00 pm ET) to discuss more details about accessing and using wide-ranging demographic-economic data and data analytics. Learn more about using these data for areas and applications of interest.
Topics:
• mapping and geospatially analyzing your data with FFIEC data
• tract demographic vintages and trends
• issues regarding MSA/MD vintage, change; about the 2018 vintage CBSAs
• defining and using assessment area geography
• examining the community & neighborhoods in context of assessment areas
• using the FDIC bank location/deposits data with FFIEC/ACS demographics
• using the FFIEC/ACS interactive table below
• alternative methods of accessing census tract ACS data

About the Author
— Warren Glimpse is former senior Census Bureau statistician responsible for innovative data access and use operations. He is also the former associate director of the U.S. Office of Federal Statistical Policy and Standards for data access and use. He has more than 20 years of experience in the private sector developing data resources and tools for integration and analysis of geographic, demographic, economic and business data. Contact Warren. Join Warren on LinkedIn.

Important Upcoming Data Releases: September 2017

.. monthly updates on recent & upcoming data analytics tools & resources .. this section provides a monthly update on important new data developments and applications/developments to further their use in data analytics. A focus of this section is on new or revised geographic, demographic and economic data. Most of these data are used to develop and update ProximityOne census tract-level up demographic-economic projections to 2022 and county-level up population by single year of age projections to 2060. See about September projection updates below on this page. This section is organized into recent past data updates and upcoming (month ahead) data releases and may be updated to reflect new or extended details. See related news and updates:
• What’s New daily updates
• Situation & Outlook Calendar

See related Web section.

Recent Past Data Releases/Access

U.S. by Census Tract 2017 HMDA Low & Moderate Income (FFIEC)
• Release date — 8/17; next update — mid 2018
• 2017 annual HMDA data — covers all income levels not only LMI
• New 2017 HMDA data
• See more information – access data.

U.S. by County Population by Single Year of Age (NCHS)
• Release date — 8/22/17; next update — mid 2018
• 2010 through 2016 annual population by single year of age
• New 2016 data extending annual series 2010 forward
• See more information – access updates.

Housing Price Index (FHFA)
• Release date — 8/22/17; next update — 11/28/17
• Quarterly HPI
• New 2017Q2 data extending quarterly time series.
• See more information – access updates.

Quarterly Gross Domestic Product by State (BEA)
• Release date — 9/20/17; next update — 11/21/17
• Quarterly GDP by Industry
• New 2017Q1 data extending quarterly time series.
• See more information – access data.

Upcoming Data Releases/Access 

2017 TIGER Digital Map Database (Census)
• Expected ~ 9/7/17
• Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding & Referencing (TIGER) data.
• Geographic data; predominately shapefiles.
.. intersection to intersection road segment geography and attributes.
• New 2017 GIS/mapping shapefiles for use with wide-ranging data
.. including with Census 2010, ACS 2016 & other subject matter.
• See more information – updates to access summarized in that section.

Census of Employment and Wages (BLS/CEW)
• Release date — 9/6/17; next update — 12/5/17
• AKA ES-202 data — establishments, employment & wages by NAICS code/type of business
• U.S. by county.
• New 2017Q1 data extending quarterly time series.
• See more information.

2016 American Community Survey 1-year estimates (Census/ACS)
• Release date — 9/14/17
• Wide-ranging demographic-economic data for areas having population 65,000+
.. all states, CDs, PUMAs, MSAs and larger cities/CBSAs/school districts/counties (817 of 3142)
• New 2016 estimates.
• See more information – updates to access summarized in that section.

SY 2015-16 Annual School & School District Characteristics (NCES)
• Expected ~ 9/14/17
• National school school & school district characteristics.
• New 2015-16 school year administratively reported data.
• Schools … see more information – access updates.
• School District … see more information – access updates.

2016 Annual Gross Domestic Product by Metro (BEA)
• Release date — 9/20/17
• GDP by Industry by Metro
• New 2016 data extending time series
• See more information – access updates.

Census Tract Estimates and Projections to 2022 — ProximityOne
• Release data ~ 9/27/17
• National census tract and higher level geography demographic-economic updates
• Annual estimates & projections; 2010 through 2022
• Updated to reflect/integrate data released through 9/2017 as summarized above   • See more information.

County Population by Single Year of Age Projections to 2060 — ProximityOne
• Release data ~ 9/27/17
• National county and higher level geography demographic updates
• Annual estimates & projections; 2010 through 2060
• Updated to reflect/integrate data released through 9/2017 as summarized above.   • See more information.

Notes [goto top]
– BEA – Bureau of Economic Analysis
– BLS – Bureau of Labor Statistics
– Census – Census Bureau
– FFIEC – Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council
– FHFA – Federal Housing Finance Agency
– NCES – National Center for Education Statistics
– NCHS – National Center for Health Statistics

Join me in a Data Analytics Lab session to discuss more details about accessing and using wide-ranging demographic-economic data and data analytics. Learn more about using these data for areas and applications of interest.

About the Author
— Warren Glimpse is former senior Census Bureau statistician responsible for innovative data access and use operations. He is also the former associate director of the U.S. Office of Federal Statistical Policy and Standards for data access and use. He has more than 20 years of experience in the private sector developing data resources and tools for integration and analysis of geographic, demographic, economic and business data. Contact Warren. Join Warren on LinkedIn.

Low & Moderate Income Census Tracts; 2017 Update

..  data and tools to analyze characteristics and patterns of census tract geography with a focus on low and moderate income.   See related Web page for more detail.

Of the total 75,883 census tracts for which low and moderate income data were tabulated in the HMDA 2017 data, 6,023 (8.7%) were low income, 16,873 (24.5%) were moderate income, 32,509 (47.1%) were middle income and 19,159 (27.8%) were upper income. See more about these classifications. Find out about your tracts/neighborhoods of interest and how they compare to others using data and tools provided in this section.

Analysis of the low, moderate, middle, and upper income of the population and households by small area geography is important to housing market stakeholders, lenders, investors, cities/neighborhoods and others. Low and moderate income data by block group and census tract are used for compliance, eligibility determination and program performance in many Federal programs and agencies.

• Use the interactive table below to view, query, compare, sort census tracts.
• Use tract estimates & projections to examine changing characteristics.
– extended demographic-economic measures, annual 2010-2022

Low & Moderate Income by Census Tract
The following view shows census tracts designated as low and moderate income (orange fill pattern) in the the Houston, TX MSA (bold brown boundary) area. These are tracts having income level with codes 1 and 2 in the interactive table. A wide range of market insights can be created zoom-in views for counties, cities and neighborhoods and linking these with other data. Make variations of this view using ProximityOne data and tools described in this section.

– View developed using CV XE GIS and related GIS project.

View similar maps for these areas:
.. Atlanta metro
.. Chicago, IL metro
.. Dallas, TX metro
.. Knoxville, TN metro
.. with drill-down views for Knoxville city
.. Los Angeles, CA metro
.. San Francisco, CA metro

Using the Interactive Table
  – Examining LMI Tracts in Your Metro

Use the interactive table to view, query, sort compare tracts based on various demographic and LMI characteristitcs. The following graphic illustrates how the table can be used to view low and moderate income tracts for the Charlotte, NC-SC metro.
– click ShowAll button below table.
– enter a CBSA code in the edit box at right of Find CBSA LMI>.
– click the Find CBSA LMI button.
Resulting display of Charlotte metro LMI tracts only.

– click graphic for larger view.

Join me in a Data Analytics Lab session to discuss more details about accessing and using wide-ranging demographic-economic data and data analytics. Learn more about using these data for areas and applications of interest.

About the Author
— Warren Glimpse is former senior Census Bureau statistician responsible for innovative data access and use operations. He is also the former associate director of the U.S. Office of Federal Statistical Policy and Standards for data access and use. He has more than 20 years of experience in the private sector developing data resources and tools for integration and analysis of geographic, demographic, economic and business data. Contact Warren. Join Warren on LinkedIn.

Tools to Analyze County Demographic-Economic Characteristics

.. demographic-economic characteristics of counties are essential for business development, market analysis, planning, economic development, program management and general awareness of patterns and trends. This section provides access to data and tools to examine these data for all counties in the U.S. This annual update includes geographic area characteristics based on ACS 2015 data.  The tools/data are organized into four related sections summarized below.

1. General Demographics
View interactive table at http://proximityone.com/us155dp1.htm
Patterns of School Age Population by County
Use GIS tools to visually examine county general demographics as illustrated below. The following view shows patterns of percent population ages 5 to 17 years of age by county — item D001-D004-D018 in the interactive table. Create your own views.

… view developed using the CV XE GIS software.

2. Social Characteristics
View interactive table at http://proximityone.com/us155dp2.htm 
Patterns of Educational Attainment by County
– percent college graduate
Use GIS tools to visually examine county social characteristics as illustrated below. The following view shows patterns of percent college graduate by county — item S067 in the interactive table. Create your own views.

… view developed using the CV XE GIS software.

3. Economic Characteristics
View interactive table at http://proximityone.com/us155dp3.htm 
Patterns of Median Household Income by County
Use GIS tools to visually examine county economic characteristics as illustrated below. The following view shows patterns median household income by county — item E062 in the interactive table. Create your own views.

… view developed using the CV XE GIS software.

4. Housing Characteristics
View interactive table at http://proximityone.com/us155dp4.htm 
Patterns of Median Housing Value by County
Use GIS tools to visually examine county housing characteristics as illustrated below. The following view shows patterns median housing value by county — item E062 in the interactive table. Create your own views.

… view developed using the CV XE GIS software.

Join me in a Data Analytics Lab session to discuss more details about accessing and using wide-ranging demographic-economic data and data analytics. Learn more about using these data for areas and applications of interest.

About the Author
— Warren Glimpse is former senior Census Bureau statistician responsible for innovative data access and use operations. He is also the former associate director of the U.S. Office of Federal Statistical Policy and Standards for data access and use. He has more than 20 years of experience in the private sector developing data resources and tools for integration and analysis of geographic, demographic, economic and business data. Contact Warren. Join Warren on LinkedIn.

Tip of the Day — Census Tract Data Analytics

.. tip of the day .. a continuing weekly or more frequent tip on developing, integrating, accessing and using geographic, demographic, economic and statistical data. Join in .. tip of the day posts are added to the Data Analytics Blog on an irregular basis, normally weekly. Follow the blog to receive updates as they occur.

This section is focused on tools and methods to access and use census tract demographic-economic measures. Median household income ($MHI), median housing value ($MHV) and other selected items are used to illustrate operations and options.

This section illustrates use of census tract data from the 2014 American Community Survey (ACS1014) 5-year estimates. These are the most comprehensive demographic-economic data from the Census Bureau at the census tract level. These “5-year estimates” are centric to mid-2012. See more about 2010-2021 annual estimates and projections.

Methods described here apply to many other geographies; see related tip sections. See related section on ZIP code applications.

Five data access and use options are reviewed. Each method illustrates how $$MHI, $MHV and other data can be analyzed/used in different contexts.

Option 1 – View the data as a thematic pattern map.
Option 2 – View, compare, rank query data in interactive tables.
Option 3 – Access data using API Tools; create datasets.
Option 4 – View $MHI in structured profile in context of related data.
Option 5 – Site analysis – view circular area profile from a location.

Related sections:
Census tracts main section
Evolution of Census Tracts: 1970-2010
Demographic-Economic Estimates & Projections
Census tract and ZIP code equivalencing
Using census tracts versus ZIP code areas
Single year of age demographics

Option 1. View the data as a thematic pattern map; use the GIS tools:
Patterns of Economic Prosperity ($MHI) by Census Tract … the following graphic shows $MHI for a portion of the Los Angeles metro. Accommodating different demographic-economic thresholds/patterns, different legend color/data intervals are used. The pattern layer is set to 80% transparency enabling a view of earth features. Click graphic for larger view, more detail and legend color/data intervals; expand browser window for best quality view.

– View developed using CV XE GIS and related GIS project.

See details about each option in the related Web page.

Join me in a Data Analytics Lab session to discuss more details about accessing and using wide-ranging demographic-economic data and data analytics. Learn more about using these data for areas and applications of interest.

About the Author
— Warren Glimpse is former senior Census Bureau statistician responsible for innovative data access and use operations. He is also the former associate director of the U.S. Office of Federal Statistical Policy and Standards for data access and use. He has more than 20 years of experience in the private sector developing data resources and tools for integration and analysis of geographic, demographic, economic and business data. Contact Warren. Join Warren on LinkedIn.

Low & Moderate Income Area Analysis

GIS tools and data resources enable easier and more comprehensive mapping, geospatial and demographic analysis of census tract geography to examine low and moderate income (LMI) area pattern and characteristics.  Resources are reviewed in this section to analyze LMI data by census tract.  Though focused on LMI applications, the resources may be applied to a much broader set of census tract mapping and demographic-economic pattern analysis.

Low and moderate income designation is closely associated with implementation of the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) and the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA) and is widely used in many other applications as a measure of economic prosperity. The HUD Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program seeks to expand economic opportunities for LMI areas. Of the 72,581 Census 2010 census tracts (U.S. and Puerto Rico), 5,588 are designated low income and 15,998 are designated as moderate income based on 2013 HMDA designations.

Use tools described in detail at http://proximityone.com/tractslmi.htm to analyze LMI areas of interest. Optionally set your own designations of LMI.

The following view shows a thematic pattern map of census tracts by low and moderate income status in the Houston, Texas area (red: low; orange: moderate). In this section we will review how, in just a few steps, you can develop maps like this one for your areas of interest, and others with further drill-down and labeling, using ProximtyOne no-fee resources. These resources enable national scale applications and include all Census 2010 census tracts.

We have integrated HMDA “Census 2013” data with American Community Survey demographic-economic data into a U.S. national scope shapefile. It has been made a part of a ready-to-use GIS project. See details and additional details.