U.S. House of Representatives 2020 Apportionment

.. Congressional Apportionment by State .. 2010 & projected 2020 state by state congressional seats.

What will the results of Census 2020 tell us us about how the House of Representatives will be reapportioned, state by state? This section examines scenarios which might occur based on state population projections. See related Web section http://proximityone.com/apportionment.htm for more detail and interactive table.

– view interactive 2010/2020 apportionment table below
– use the GIS tools and project to make your own map views … see details
    .. use in classroom .. research .. reference .. collaboration.

This section has been developed using
– 2020 apportionment population projections
    .. part of the ProximityOne Situation & Outlook (S&O)
– the reapportionment/redistricting feature of the CV XE GIS software
The 2020 population projections reflect anticipated change under one scenario. Those values are then used in the CV XE GIS reapportionment operation to compute the number of House seats shown in the related table.

Apportionment of the U.S. House of Representatives
— based on the 2010 Census

– view created with CV XE GIS. Click graphic for larger view with more detail.

Apportionment of the U.S. House of Representatives
— based on ProximityOne 2020 Population Projections

– view created with CV XE GIS. Click graphic for larger view with more detail.

Congressional apportionment is the process of dividing the 435 memberships, or seats, in the House of Representatives among the 50 states based on the population figures collected during the decennial census. The number of seats in the House has grown with the country. Congress sets the number in law and increased the number to 435 in 1913. The Constitution set the number of representatives at 65 from 1787 until the first Census of 1790, when it was increased to 105 members. More about apportionment.

Initial Census 2020 demographic data, the apportionment data, will be released by December 31, 2020. See related Census 2010 Apportionments.

Apportionment totals were calculated by a congressionally defined formula, in accordance with Title 2 of the U.S. Code, to divide among the states the 435 seats in the U.S. House of Representatives. The apportionment population consists of the resident population of the 50 states, plus the overseas military and federal civilian employees and their dependents living with them who could be allocated to a state. Each member of the House represents, on average, about 710,767 people for Census 2010.

Using the Interactive table
The following graphic illustrates use of the 2010 & 2020 apportionment by state and historical apportionment 1910 to 2010. Sort on any column; compare apportionment patterns over time. Click graphic for larger view.
Use the interactive table at http://proximityone.com/apportionment.htm#table.

Congressional District/State Legislative District Group
Join the CDSLD Group (http://proximityone.com/cdsld.htm), a forum intended for individuals interested in accessing and using geodemographic data and analytical tools relating to voting districts, congressional districts & state legislative districts and related geography with drill-down to intersection/street segment and census block level. Receive updates on topics like that of this section.

Data Analytics Web Sessions
Join me in a Data Analytics Lab session to discuss more details about accessing and using wide-ranging demographic-economic data and data analytics. Learn more about using these data for areas and applications of interest.

About the Author
— Warren Glimpse is former senior Census Bureau statistician responsible for innovative data access and use operations. He is also the former associate director of the U.S. Office of Federal Statistical Policy and Standards for data access and use. He has more than 20 years of experience in the private sector developing data resources and tools for integration and analysis of geographic, demographic, economic and business data. Contact Warren. Join Warren on LinkedIn.

New 2018 Vintage Metropolitan Areas

.. new, September 14, 2018 vintage, Core-Based Statistical Area (CBSA) delineations have been released by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget (OMB).  Among other things, the new delineations specify which counties are included in each CBSA.  CBSAs. an OMB standards term, are metropolitan areas comprised of Metropolitan Statistical Areas (now 384 MSAs in the U.S.) and Micropolitan Statistical Areas (now 542 MISAs in the U.S.).

How Metros Change Geographically
The following graphic, focused on the Charlotte, NC-SC MSA region, illustrates how MSAs are changing. 2017 vintage MSAs are shown with bold green boundary, yellow fill pattern. Cross-hatched areas are 2018 vintage MSA counties. As of the 2018 vintage, note that …
• Anson County, NC (to right of pointer) has been added to the Charlotte, NC-SC MSA.
• Union County, SC has been removed from the Spartanburg, SC MSA.
• Harnett County, NC has been added to the Fayetteville, NC MSA.

— graphic developed using CV XE GIS software and related GIS project.

What About My MSAs of Interest?
See detailed information about the 2018 vintage CBSAs/MSAs and their component counties at http://proximityone.com/cbsa2018.htm.

Impact of the 2018 Delineations
The new delineations take place immediately and have numerous impacts.  Going forward, Federal statistical agencies will develop statistics and use the new names and geocodes as set forth in the new delineations (most names and geocodes remain the same).  For CBSAs affected, which are numerous, this will result in challenges for longitudinal analyses where consistently defined geography over time is required.  The total 2017 official population estimates are affected for three of the largest 10 CBSAs using the 2018 delineations compared to the 2017 delineations.  More immediately, it may become confusing whether the 2018, 2017, 2015, or an earlier vintage CBSA geography is being referenced.  On a positive note, the 2018 vintage CBSAs are believed to best reflect the set of counties comprising a CBSA as an entity of highly related demographic-economic conditions.

Keeping Up-to-Date with Metro Demographic-Economic Data
Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs/metros), comprised of one or more contiguous counties, are important for many reasons. Business, demographic and economic data for these 384 areas, each developed around an area of large population concentration, provide a “10,000 foot” view of these characteristics and how they are changing. As they are comprised of county groups, much of the subject matter data are also available for drill-down analysis at the county and sub-county levels. Metro boundaries change some over time … as more peripheral counties are added or removed depending on their demographic-economic affinity with central county(s).

Metros are an important part of the ProximityOne Situation & Outlook program. Metro demographic-economic estimates and projections are updated to reflect 2018 vintage metros. This includes all elements of the Census-sourced age-race/ethnicity-gender annual estimates and American Community Survey demographic-economic subject matter.

Designating Metros and Delineating Metro County Components
More detail … in consultation with Federal statistical agencies, OMB defines metropolitan statistical area boundaries. This section provides a summary of Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs), and component Metropolitan Division and Counties/County Equivalents, as delineated in OMB Bulletin 18-04 issued September 14, 2018. These delineations take place immediately. This is a significant update affecting approximately 20-percent of previous MSA delineations (one or more county addition or removal).

Under the September 14, 2018 delineation, there are 938 Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs) and Micropolitan Statistical Areas (MISAs) in the U.S. and Puerto Rico, collectively referred to as Core-Based Statistical Areas (CBSAs). There are 392 MSAs (384 in the U.S. and 8 in Puerto Rico). 11 MSAs contain a total of 31 Metropolitan Divisions. There are 546 MISAs (542 in the United States and 4 in Puerto Rico).

The 384 U.S. MSAs comprise 1,181 counties of total 3,142 U.S. counties. The total 2017 population of these metros was 280,468,904 of total 325,719,178 U.S. population (86.1%).

See related sections:
• Metros Main Section
• Metros Situation & Outlook Reports
.. click link in column 3 in table in above page to view detailed report
• Metro Demographic-Economic Interactive Tables
• County Population/Components of Change Interactive Table

Data Analytics Web Sessions
Join me in a Data Analytics Lab session to discuss more details about accessing and using wide-ranging demographic-economic data and data analytics. Learn more about using these data for areas and applications of interest.

About the Author
— Warren Glimpse is former senior Census Bureau statistician responsible for innovative data access and use operations. He is also the former associate director of the U.S. Office of Federal Statistical Policy and Standards for data access and use. He has more than 20 years of experience in the private sector developing data resources and tools for integration and analysis of geographic, demographic, economic and business data. Contact Warren. Join Warren on LinkedIn.

Examining State-to-State Geographic Mobility

.. tools, resources and insights to examine U.S. by state migration 2011-2017 and migration flows in 2016 .. this post is an excerpt from the more detailed Web page http://proximityone.com/statemigration.htm.

In examining future demographic trends, the most challenging component of change to project (develop data values into the future) is migration. Migration, comprised net domestic and net international migration, is a function of many factors whose cause and effect behavior can change year by year, and geographic area by area. While this section is focused on states, the same scope of data is available to the county and sub-county levels. In this section, U.S. by state migration is examined using two data sources: annual population and components of change model-based estimates (2010-2017 model-based estimates) and annual American Community Survey estimates (ACS 2016 estimates). While these Census Bureau programs are highly related, the migration data/subject matter differ some.

State Net Domestic Migration, 2011-2017
The following graphic shows patterns net domestic migration for the period 2011-2017, based on the model-based estimates. The patterns of migration change, direction and magnitude are immediately evident. Click on the graphic to see a larger view showing more detail. Expand browser to full screen for best quality view. The larger view shows a portion of a mini-profile for Florida. The mini-profile illustrates how these data are comprised … annual net domestic migration estimates and the sum over the years 2011-2017. See the interactive table to view these data, and related components of change, in a tabular, numeric form. Use the GIS project (details here) to create similar views for any state; visual analysis of outmigration for any state showing outmigration by destination state. Label areas as desired. Add other layers. Add your own data.

View created with CV XE GIS. Click graphic for larger view with more detail.

State OutMigration by Destination State
The model-based estimates, reviewed above, do not provide detail on state-to-state migration. Those data are provided by the related ACS 2016 estimates. Note that the ACS 2016 1-year estimates are for the calendar year 2016. From these data we can get the following migration detail … In 2016, there were an estimated 605,018 people who moved from a residence 1 year earlier, in a different state, to Florida. Florida experienced the largest number of movers (inflows) from other states among all states. 60,472 of these movers were from New York. See the interactive table in this section to examine similar characteristics for any state. These data are based on the 2016 ACS 1 year estimates. See about related data.

The American Community Survey (ACS) asks respondents age 1 year and over whether they lived in the same residence 1 year ago. For people who lived in a different residence, the location of their previous residence is collected. The state-to-state migration flows are created from tabulations of the current state (including the District of Columbia) of residence crossed by state of residence 1 year ago.

Movers Within and Between States & Selected Areas During 2016
Use the interactive table to examine state outmigration by destination state. View, compare, query, rank and export data of interest.

Data Analytics Web Sessions
.. is my area urban, rural or …
.. how do census blocks relate to congressional district? redistricting?
.. how can I map census block demographics?
Join me in a Data Analytics Web Session, every Tuesday, where we review access to and use of data, tools and methods relating to GeoStatistical Data Analytics Learning. We review current topical issues and data — and how you can access/use tools/data to meet your needs/interests.

About the Author
Warren Glimpse is former senior Census Bureau statistician responsible for innovative data access and use operations. He is also the former associate director of the U.S. Office of Federal Statistical Policy and Standards for data access and use. He has more than 20 years of experience in the private sector developing data resources and tools for integration and analysis of geographic, demographic, economic and business data. Contact Warren. Join Warren on LinkedIn.

Census Block, Block Group & Census Tract GeoDemographics

Census tracts, block groups and blocks are the important small area statistical geographic areas for which data from Census 2010 are tabulated. Data for census tracts and block groups are also tabulated annually from the American Community Survey. For example. in December 2018, we will have new “richer demographics” annual estimates centric to each year 2008 through 2015 for Census 2010 tracts and block groups … data such as educational attainment, language spoken, housing and household characteristics,  income characteristics and employment and other demographic-economic attributes.

Largest Population New York City (NYC) Census Blocks
The following graphic shows the NYC Census 2010 census block having the largest Census 2010 population that is not a group quarters population block. The Lincoln Center census block shown in the graphic (red boundary) has 4,067 population and 2,922 housing units.

– click graphic for larger view; view developed using CV XE GIS

This block (36 061 015500 6000) occupies 0.033 square miles. It has a population density of 122,333 (population per square mile). The NYC block with the largest population is on Rikers Island and has a group quarters population of 8,634 and 0 housing units. For Census 2010, there were 350,169 census blocks covering the state of New York; 13,356 census blocks were water blocks. For the State of New York, as of Census 2010 the average census block population was 55 (57 excluding water blocks).

Census 2010 and Census 2020
These geographies have generally stable geographic areas and codes from one decennial census (e.g., Census 2010) to the next (e.g., Census 2020). Many of these areas will change in terms of code and area for Census 2020, though the geographic changes will typically be small or not at all.

Census 2020 block, block group and tract codes and geometry will be available in late 2020. Initial block level demographics will be available in March 2021.

Census 2010 & Current GeoDemographics
These areas cover the U.S. from wall-to-wall and generally non-changing in terms of boundary and geographic code (geocode) until Census 2020. This section provides a summary of new Web pages with more detail about each of these geographies:
• census tracts and tract codes .. 73,056 areas
• census block groups and block group codes .. 217,740 areas
• census blocks and block codes .. 11,078,297 areas

Each of these pages provides an interactive table to view tallies of Census 2010 for each of these small area geographies.

Combining Address Data with Small Area Geography
The address of the Office of the California Secretary of State, located at 1500 11th St, Sacramento, CA 95814, was geocoded using the APIGeocoder and converted into a shapefile for Geographic Information System applications.  The location is shown as a red marker in the map views shown below, illustrating each type of small area geography: tracts. block groups and blocks.

Census Tracts
Tracts are labeled with green tract codes. Address 1500 11th St, Sacramento, CA 95814 is shown by red marker.  The address is in tract 06067001101.

View created using CV XE GIS.

Block Groups
Block groups are labeled with red block group codes.  Tract 06067001101 is comprised of block groups: 060670011011 and 060670011012.  See pointer in map view; the block group within tract boundary.

View created using CV XE GIS.

Zoom-in to Census Block
Blocks are labeled with yellow block codes. The address is located in block 060670011011085.

View created using CV XE GIS.

Further Zoom-in Showing Streets
Streets are labeled with street names. Identify tool is used to show mini-profile for 1500 block of 11th Street.

View created using CV XE GIS.

Is the tract code 11.01 or 001101?
Both. Census tracts within a county are identified by a 4-digit basic code between 0001 and 9999, and may have a 2-digit suffix ranging from .01 to .98; for example, 6059.02. The decimal point separating the 4-digit basic tract code from the 2-digit suffix is shown in Census Bureau printed reports and maps. For geo-referencing, the decimal point is implied and does not appear; the 6-character tract code with lead zeroes is used — a character string with no blanks and all numbers.

Accessing and Using these Geographies & Related Demographics
There are several ways these geographies can be used.
• The geocodes are the “handles” to access demographic-economic statistical data.
• The geographies may be visually, geospatially, related as shapefiles.
.. the Census Bureau makes these shapefiles available for use in user appications.
.. the shapefiles typically do not include demographic-economic data.

Access Census 2010 Census Block (and Block Group/Tract) data:
• P.L. 94-171 Redistricting Data — http://proximityone.com/cen2010_pl94171.htm
• Summary File 1 — http://proximityone.com/cen2010_sf1.htm

Access Census Block Group and Tract richer demographics:
• 2016 American Community Survey (ACS) 5-year estimates
  — http://proximityone.com/acs1216.htm
• Access annual counterparts to above section
• Census blocks — http://proximityone.com/cenblk.htm
• Census block groups — http://proximityone.com/blockgroups.htm
• Census tracts — http://proximityone.com/tracts.htm

Alternatively use the Census Bureau APIs or CV XE GIS APIGateway.

Data Analytics Web Sessions
.. is my area urban, rural or …
.. how do census blocks relate to congressional district? redistricting?
.. how can I map census block demographics?
Join me in a Data Analytics Web Session, every Tuesday, where we review access to and use of data, tools and methods relating to GeoStatistical Data Analytics Learning. We review current topical issues and data — and how you can access/use tools/data to meet your needs/interests.

About the Author
Warren Glimpse is former senior Census Bureau statistician responsible for innovative data access and use operations. He is also the former associate director of the U.S. Office of Federal Statistical Policy and Standards for data access and use. He has more than 20 years of experience in the private sector developing data resources and tools for integration and analysis of geographic, demographic, economic and business data. Contact Warren. Join Warren on LinkedIn.

How America’s Cities are Changing

… tools, data and insights into how America’s cities are changing, 2010-to 2017.  Of the nation’s 325.7 million people, an estimated 205.0 million (62.9%) live within an incorporated place as of July 1, 2017. Of approximately 19,500 incorporated places, about 76 percent had fewer than 5,000 people and nearly 50 percent had fewer than 1,000 people. Examine characteristics of individual city population trends and compare cities in states, regions and peer groups using the interactive table in this related section. See three related static tables below showing characteristics the 15 largest cities. Use the U.S. by cities shapefile with your GIS projects. See related GIS & mapping details. See more about the sources and uses of these data in this related section.

Mapping America’s 15 Largest Cities
The following view shows cities with 2017 population of 874,000 or more in blue. Labels show rank among all cities based on 2017 population. These 15 cities have a total 2017 population of 30.6 million of the 205 million total population in all U.S. cities (15%). Click graphic for larger view; expand window to full screen.
… click links in Table 3 below to view maps of these cities.

– View developed using the CV XE GIS software.

Patterns of City Percent Change in Population 2010-17
— Cities in the Los Angeles Area
The following view shows thematic patterns of population percent change, 2010-17 for cities in the Los Angeles, CA area. See color/interval assignment in legend. Click graphic for larger view; expand window to full screen. Larger view shows city names and 2017 population.

– View developed using the CV XE GIS software.
– Flexibly create your own views using the cities GIS project.
– Examine city population trends, patterns; zoom to desired areas; label as needed; integrate other data.

Tables Showing the Largest 15 cities
Data/characteristics shown in the following static tables may also be viewed in the interactive table above with more flexibility and details.

Table 1. 15 Cities With the Largest Numeric Increase, 7/1/16-7/1/17
.. cities with populations of 50,000 or more in 2016

Table 2. 15 Fastest-Growing Large Cities, 7/1/16-7/1/17
.. having populations of 50,000 or more in 2016

Table 3. 15 Most Populous Cities as of July 1, 2017
These 15 cities have a total 2017 population of 30.6 million of the 205 million total population in all U.S. cities (15%).

Mapping & GeoSpatial Analysis of the Largest 15 Cities
Click link in the list below to view map of city shown in the above table.
1 New York
2 Los Angeles
3 Chicago
4 Houston
5 Phoenix
6 Philadelphia
7 San Antonio
8 San Diego
9 Dallas
10 San Jose
11 Austin
12 Jacksonville
13 San Francisco
14 Columbus
15 Fort Worth

City/Place Demographics in Context & Related Data
• State & Regional Demographic-Economic Characteristics & Patterns
.. individual state sections with analytical tools & data access to block level
• Metropolitan Area Situation & Outlook
.. continuously updated characteristics, patterns & trends for each/all metros
• ACS 2016 5-year estimates
.. related City/Place Demographic-Economic Interactive Tables
.. General Demographics … Social … Economic … Housing Characteristics
• Corresponding U.S. by County 2010-2017 Estimates

Data Analytics Web Sessions
Join me in a Data Analytics Web Session, every Tuesday, where we review access to and use of data, tools and methods relating to GeoStatistical Data Analytics Learning. We review current topical issues and data — and how you can access/use tools/data to meet your needs/interests.

About the Author
Warren Glimpse is former senior Census Bureau statistician responsible for innovative data access and use operations. He is also the former associate director of the U.S. Office of Federal Statistical Policy and Standards for data access and use. He has more than 20 years of experience in the private sector developing data resources and tools for integration and analysis of geographic, demographic, economic and business data. Contact Warren. Join Warren on LinkedIn.

School District Revenue & Expenditure Patterns, FY 2016

.. many school districts are adopting 4-day school weeks.  Part of the reason is shortage of funds.  The amount spent per student for public elementary-secondary education for all 50 states and D.C. increased by 3.2 percent to $11,762 during the 2016 fiscal year, based on new data from the Census Bureau released May 21, 2018. The increase in spending in 2016 was due in part to the increase in revenue across all 50 states and D.C. In 2016, public elementary-secondary education revenue, from all sources, amounted to $670.9 billion, up 4.6 percent from the prior year. This is the largest increase since 2007. Yet for many districts this is not enough.

This section provides access to tools and data to to examine K-12 school district finances — sources and uses of funds for FY 2016. The Census Bureau collects these data annually to meet to needs of the National Center for Education Statistics. ProximityOne restructures and integrates these data with other data for GIS/geospatial analysis using the CV XE GIS tools and School District GeoDemographic Information System (SDGIS).

View annual school district finances Web sections: FY 2014 .. FY 2015 .. FY 2016
• Use interactive table to examine school system finances
• Create/view profile for a district(s) of interest.

Current Spending per Student by School District, FY 2016
The following graphic shows patterns of current spending per student by school district, FY 2016, for Texas and adjacent areas. The four largest Texas metros are shown with the bold brown boundary; counties with gray boundaries. Color/fill patterns and corresponding values are shown in the inset legend. Click graphic for larger view showing a partial mini-profile for Houston ISD (at pointer in map).

– view developed using the CV XE GIS analytical tools.
– use these tools on your computer to examine these data & related geography/subject matter.

Data Analytics Web Sessions
Join me in a Data Analytics Web Session, every Tuesday, where we review access to and use of data, tools and methods relating to GeoStatistical Data Analytics Learning. We review current topical issues and data — and how you can access/use tools/data to meet your needs/interests.

About the Author
Warren Glimpse is former senior Census Bureau statistician responsible for innovative data access and use operations. He is also the former associate director of the U.S. Office of Federal Statistical Policy and Standards for data access and use. He has more than 20 years of experience in the private sector developing data resources and tools for integration and analysis of geographic, demographic, economic and business data. Contact Warren. Join Warren on LinkedIn.
 

Metropolitan Area New Residential Construction in 2017

.. understanding the housing situation; examining housing supply and demand market conditions; assessing trends for metropolitan areas … and how metros of interest are changing .. tools and data to examine patterns and change.

During 2017, cities and counties in permit issuing places authorized the construction of 1,281,977 new privately owned housing units with a total valuation of $258.5 billion. This was 1.4 percent above the annual estimate of 1,264,051 housing units and is a 6.2 percent increase from the 2016 total of 1,206,642.

Patterns of New Residential Construction by Metropolitan Area
The following graphic shows the 20 largest metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) based on the number of new residential housing units authorized in 2017. Click graphic for larger view showing MSAs labeled with rank and name.

View created with CV XE GIS. Click graphic for larger view.

Residential Construction Data Analytics — Using Tools & Data
Visit the related Web section to access interactive table and GIS/GeoSpatial analytical tools and data.

Data Analytics Web Sessions
Join me in a Data Analytics Web Session, every Tuesday, where we review access to and use of data, tools and methods relating to GeoStatistical Data Analytics Learning. We review current topical issues and data — and how you can access/use tools/data to meet your needs/interests.

About the Author
Warren Glimpse is former senior Census Bureau statistician responsible for innovative data access and use operations. He is also the former associate director of the U.S. Office of Federal Statistical Policy and Standards for data access and use. He has more than 20 years of experience in the private sector developing data resources and tools for integration and analysis of geographic, demographic, economic and business data. Contact Warren. Join Warren on LinkedIn.